M D’Altilio, et al. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 17, 189-196 (2007) Link to Abstract
Subjects: Arthritic dogs
Time Period: 120 days, plus 30-day withdrawal followup
Methodology: Four groups
- Group 1–No UC-II®, no Glucosamine, no Chondroitin
- Group 2–UC-II® only at 10mg/day
- Group 3–Glucosamine and Chondroitin only (2000mg/day and 1600mg/day respectively)
- Group 4–UC-II®, Glucosamine and Chondroitin (10mg/day, 2000mg/day and 1600mg/day respectively)
Findings:
- No changes in Group 1.
- Group 2 saw significant reductions (33%) in overall pain within 30 days and continued improvement up to through 120 days.
- Group 3 (Glucosamine and Chondroitin only) experienced some alleviation of pain, but
- Group 4 (UC-II® along with Glucosamine and Chondroitin) saw overall 57% reduction in overall pain over the 120 day period.
- UC-II® alone outperformed both Glucosomine/Chondroitin alone and Glucosamine/Chondroitin combined with UC-II®.
- Following withdrawal of all ingredients after 120 days, all dogs in Groups 2, 3 and 4 relapsed.
- There were no adverse effects from any of the ingredients.